[196][197], In a report, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) revealed that it had registered over 45,600 refugees and asylum seekers in Libya during 2019. The GNC was made up of two major parties, the National Forces Alliance and the Justice and Construction Party, as well as independents in which some were moderates and others conservative Islamists. [143] Following his appointment, Abusahmain was tasked with providing security. The EU funds the Libyan Coast Guard to keep migrants out of Europe and detain them in a failed state, where they are at the mercy of militias and human traffickers. He ha Khalifa Haftar and his supporters describe Operation Dignity as a "correction to the path of the revolution" and a "war on terrorism". Omar al-Hasi, the internationally unrecognized Prime Minister of the Libya Dawn-backed Tripoli government, speaking of his allies' actions, has stated that: "This is a correction of the revolution." Shortly thereafter, members of the GNC, who had rejected the June election, reconvened as a new General National Congress and voted themselves as replacement of the newly elected House of Representatives, with Tripoli as their political capital, Nouri Abusahmain as president and Omar al-Hasi as prime minister. The Islamist "Libya Dawn" has been described as "an uneasy coalition" identified as "terrorists" by the elected parliament in Tobruk[175] including "former al-Qaeda jihadists" who fought against Qaddafi in the nineties, members of Libya's branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, and a "network of conservative merchants" from Misrata, whose fighters make up "the largest block of Libya Dawn's forces". [160], On 14 February 2014, General Khalifa Haftar ordered the GNC to dissolve and called for the formation of a caretaker government committee to oversee new elections. In western Libya, the prominent Islamist forces are the Central Shield (of the Libya Shield Force), which consists especially of Misrata units and the Libya Revolutionaries Operations Room. ", "Libya's new parliament meets amid rumbling violence", "Two lawmakers shot in Libya as protesters storm parliament", "Libyan PM Ali Zeidan says his kidnap was coup attempt", "Libya Revolutionaries Joint Operations Room (LROR) | Terrorist Groups | TRAC", "Libya Mission Attack Kills U.S. The Libya Shield Force supports the Islamists. [170] The country was then led by two separate governments, with Tripoli and Misrata controlled by forces loyal to Libya Dawn and the new GNC in Tripoli, while the international community recognized Abdullah al-Thani's government and its parliament in Tobruk. [184] The GNA never recognized the BDB with some members calling for it to be demarcated as a "terrorist organization".[185]. Libyan Civil War Map & Timeline: Battle for Tripoli Begins - April 14, 2019 (Subscription) SUBSCRIBERS CLICK HERE TO PROCEED TO ARTICLE AND MAP There are newer versions of this map available. April 7, 2019 - To see them, view all Libya updates. The utility and limitations of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are once again apparent in Libyas civil war. In March 2014, armed protesters allegedly linked to the LROR stormed the GNC parliament building, shooting and injuring two lawmakers and wounding several others. [138] Other Libyans rejecting the proposed mandate rallied in Tripoli's Martyrs Square and outside Benghazi's Tibesti Hotel, calling for the freeze of political parties and the re-activation of the country's security system. Elements of the Libya Shield Force were identified by some observers as linked to Al-Qaeda as early as 2012. Southwestern Libya has been destabilized since the First Libyan Civil War of 2011.Ethnic relations in the region were always tense, though not necessarily violent. Civil war being fought with German weapons? [208] [209], On 5 May 2020, The International Criminal Courts chief prosecutor Fatou Bensouda, raised concerns over the continuous spree of attacks by Haftar on Tripoli. The GNC was made of two major political groups, the National Forces Alliance (NFC) and the Justice and Construction Party (JCP). [245], Dignitaries from Tripoli, Sahel and Mountain regions in Libya expressed discomposure at the UN envoy's briefing to Libya, Ghassan Salame at the Security Council, for equalizing the aggressors (Haftar's forces backed by UAE and Egypt) and the defender (GNA forces). The deployment followed deals that Libya and Turkey struck in November 2019 on maritime boundaries in the eastern Mediterranean, and on military co-operation. Since hostile clashes between the Libyan government and Haftar's LNA forces (backed by the UAE and Egypt) have broken out in Tripoli and western Libya, conditions of children and civilians have worsened. Frederic Wehrey, Jeffrey Feltman. Even though the Amazigh militias mainly situated in Zuwara and Nafusa Mountains fought alongside Libya Dawn, they consider themselves pushed towards that because Zintan brigades and the rest of their enemies has been sided with HoR. Parties holding majority of seats and some holding minority of seats began to use boycotts or threats of boycotts which increased division and suppressed relevant debates by removing them from the congressional agenda;[135] voting to declare sharia law and establishing a special committee to "review all existing laws to guarantee they comply with Islamic law";[136] imposing gender segregation and compulsory hijab at Libyan universities; and refusing to hold new elections when its electoral mandate expired in January 2014[137] until General Khalifa Haftar launched a large-scale military offensive against the Islamists in May 2014, code-named Operation Dignity (Arabic: ; 'Amaliyat al-Karamah). Sudan (RSF)[23] (since 2019)Syria(since 2020)[24][25][26], Government of National Accord (Tripoli-based) (since 2016), Syrian National Army (since 2019)[55]Turkey (since 2020)[56][57][58], National Salvation Government (201417)[74][75], Shura Council ofBenghazi Revolutionaries (201417)[84][85] al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (201417)[86], Nouri Abusahmain (201416)(President of the GNC) Khalifa al-Ghawil (201517)(Prime Minister)[101] Sadiq Al-Ghariani(Grand Mufti), Abu Khalid al Madani(Ansar al-Sharia Leader)[102] In December 2015, the Libyan Political Agreement[121] was signed after talks in Skhirat, as the result of protracted negotiations between rival political camps based in Tripoli, Tobruk, and elsewhere which agreed to unite as the Government of National Accord. During this time, Abusahmain blocked inquiries into the distribution of state funds and it was alleged that Abusahmain was channeling government funding towards the LROR. Saif al Islam has called for national elections since early 2019, but the elections have been delayed, due to serious clashes between Libyan political factions. Summary: The United States cannot solve all of Libyas manifold problems, but the next several weeks offer a crucial window, and decisive American diplomacy could make all the difference. [191] Zintan brigades were former allies of Wershefana. Haftar began his military offensive in April 2019 with an attack on the Libyan capital of Tripoli. As a consequence, the majority of the House of Representatives were forced to relocate to Tobruk, aligning themselves with Haftar's forces and eventually nominating him army chief. Get a link. However, the elections did not necessarily create a strong government because the Parliament was fragmented due to the lack of organized political parties in Libya post-revolution. [158] No arrests were made. (previously The Libyan Civil War: Critical Views) Warning. It's not as bad as it could be, but is meant to be shocking. [215] The conference was prepared over 18 months during 2018 and 2019 and was planned to take place 1416 April 2019. The validated electoral procedure involves electoral colleges, support from the West, East and South of Libya, a 60% initial threshold, and a 50% plus one second-round threshold, for positions in the Presidency Council and for the prime ministership. [173], Meanwhile, in Derna the main Islamist coalition Shura Council of Mujahideen which was formed in 2014 is an al-Qaeda-affiliated group. source On live map. The First Libyan Civil War was an armed conflict in 2011 in the North African country of Libya which was fought between forces which were loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and foreign supported groups which were seeking to oust his government. However, we are aware the panel are in the process of gathering evidence of the extent of Russian activity and will update the committee in the coming months, the diplomat said. The GNC became a broad-based congress. The 46-year-old Barassi was an outspoken critic of humanitarian abuses committed in the eastern areas controlled by UAE-backed Khalifa Haftars Libyan National Army (LNA). Commentary. Outsiders Battle to Rebuild Libya Is Fueling the Civil War There 2019, 12:22 PM. April 10, 2019 Al Qaeda and the Islamic State Will Be the Winners of the Libyan Civil War [133], UN-sponsored peace talks failed to establish an interim government by 16 November 2020, although both sides pledged to try again in a week. Confrontation with the US. After being accused of kidnapping, ransoming and other crimes, a GNA joint force made up mostly from Zintan brigades defeated them[who?] Haftar started the war on Tripoli in April 2019 with the upper hand, making quick gains with powerful Wing Loong II drones, fighter jets and Pantsir Despite no mention in the UN report, a diplomat who spoke on condition of anonymity said it is an open secret that large numbers of Russian mercenaries are fighting in Libya. Warning: This site contains images and graphic descriptions of extreme violence and/or its effects. Both parties to the conflict received weapons and military equipment, technical support and non-Libyan fighters in non-compliance with the sanctions measures related to arms, the report said. IBRAHIM ALI ABU BAKR TANTOUSH", "Libyan Militia Units That Aided U.S. Marines During Embassy Attack Linked To Al-Qaeda", "Grand Mufti supports Congress remaining in office, forbids action against it", "Libya's Grand Mufti Issues Fatwa Against U.N. Report on Women's Rights", "Libya's "Grand Mufti" Issues Fatwa Against UN Report on Violence Against Women and Girls | Viva Libya! [222], Haftar's forces launched attacks on Abu Gurain province, near the port city of Misurata, Libya's UN-recognized government claimed. Wed 22 May 2019 15.15 EDT. [189], Salafists, called Madkhalis by their enemies, fought alongside Haftar LNA since the beginning against the Islamist militias, especially Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries and ISIL whom they considered Khawarij after a fatwa from Saudi Rabee al-Madkhali.[190]. 1980 - Libyan troops intervene in civil war in northern Chad. [151][152], Although Islamists were outnumbered by Liberals and Centrists in the GNC, in May 2013 they lobbied for a law "banning virtually everyone who had participated in Gaddafi's government from holding public office". The two major groups in parliament had failed to reach political compromises on the larger more important issues that the GNC faced. Wolfram Lacher. [227], On 21 August 2020, Libya's rival authorities announced an immediate ceasefire. [169], On 16 January 2015, the Operation Dignity and Operation Libya Dawn factions agreed on a ceasefire. [150] The relationship between Al-Qaeda and Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb is unclear, and their relationship with other Libyan Islamist groups is unclear. Israels Involvement in Libyas Civil War July 13, 2019 For several reasons, Israel has joined various Arab powers to back a strongman in Libya, explains Giorgio Cafiero. Libyan National Army (LNA) members, commanded by Khalifa Haftar, head out of Benghazi to reinforce the troops advancing to Tripoli, in Benghazi, Libya April 7, 2019 Three companies, Turkish maritime firm Avrasya Shipping, Jordan-based Med Wave Shipping and a Kazakhstan-based air freight company, Sigma Airlines, were also sanctioned for breaching the UN arms embargo by transferring military material to Libya. After four years of behind-the-scenes financial and tactical support for a would-be Libyan strongman, Russia is now pushing far more directly to shape the outcome of Libyas messy civil war. [224] Around 19 February, the government withdrew from peace talks following rocket attacks on Tripoli. November 2, 2019 LNA forces captured an area southwest of Tripoli International Airport. The GNC failed to stand down at the end of its electoral mandate in January 2014, unilaterally voting on 23 December 2013 to extend its power for at least one year. Division among these parties, the row over the political isolation law, and a continuous unstable security situation greatly impacted the GNC's ability to deliver real progress towards a new constitution for Libya which was a primary task for this governing body. On 30 March 2016, Fayez Sarraj, the head of GNA, arrived in Tripoli and began working from there despite opposition from GNC. Sigma Airlines was also involved in a bank-note delivery made on 29 January 2019 for the LNA, using a commercial network operating through the UAE, Ukraine, Jordan and Belarus. Its commander was Adel Gharyani. It was thought that the introduction of more modern At the beginning of 2014, Libya was governed by the General National Congress (GNC), which won the popular vote in 2012 elections. [235], Talks by the Advisory Committee of the Libya Political Dialogue Forum (LPDF) in Geneva during 1316 January 2021 produced a proposal for a procedure for selecting a unified executive authority. The militia forces led by General Khalifa Haftar, which control large swathes of Libya, are now advancing on the capital Tripoli, where the internationally recognised government of Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj is based. [236][237], On 19 February 2021, a confidential report by the United Nations revealed that the former CEO of Blackwater, Erik Prince breached the Libyan arms embargo by supporting and supplying weapons to Khalifa Haftar under an operation that cost $80 million. ", "LNA targets Tripoli and Zuwara but pulls back troops in Aziziya area", "Ghwell's Libyan National Guard militia joining fighting in south", "Sudan militarily backs Libyan rebels: Bashir to Youm7", "Egypt and United Arab Emirates Said to Have Secretly Carried Out Libya Airstrikes", "Libya, Turkey agree on resuming signed security training programs", "LNA's Mismari accuses Sudan, Qatar and Iran of backing terrorism in Libya", " ", " ", "American forces kill senior al Qaeda leader in Libya", "Libyan Islamist group Ansar al-Sharia says it is dissolving", "Libyan revolutionary factions form Defend Benghazi Brigades", "Benghazi Defense Brigades advance toward Benghazi", "Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb says Mokhtar Belmokhtar is 'alive and well, "Libyan city declares itself part of Islamic State caliphate", "Islamic State Expanding into North Africa", "Islamic State Sprouting Limbs Beyond Its Base", "ISIS, Al Qaeda In Africa: US Commander Warns Of Collaboration Between AQIM And Islamic State Group", "Libyan lawmakers approve gov't of PM-designate Dbeibah", "Trkiye yerel yaplar meru zemine ekiyor", "Hassi changes his mind, hands over to Ghwell", "Ansar al Sharia Libya fights on under new leader", "Leader of Libyan Islamists Ansar al-Sharia dies of wounds", "Wissam Ben Hamid dead says arrested Ansar spokesman; 13 militants reported to have blown themselves up", "Islamists clash in Derna, Abu Sleem leader reported killed", "Statement from Pentagon Press Secretary Peter Cook on Nov. 13 airstrike in Libya > U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE > News Release View", "Pentagon: Islamic State has lost its safe haven in Sirte, Libya", "Human Rights Solidarity: About 4000 people were victims of armed fighting in Libya in 2018", "Death toll of fighting in Libyan capital rises to 1,093: WHO - Xinhua | English.news.cn", "Libya's Second Civil War: How did it come to this? [1][2] The Government of National Accord was formed as a result of this agreement, and its first meeting took place in Tunis on 2 January 2016. Both the warring parties GNA supported by Turkey and LNA backed by Saudi, UAE, Egypt and Jordan blamed each other for the violence that broke out in Tripoli. The damage done to Libya will already take years to mend but unless fighting around the capital Tripoli stops, the country risks descending into a civil war which could lead to the permanent division of the country. CONTENTS * 1 INTRODUCTION * 3 HISTORICAL FACTORS inclusive government, or renewed civil conflict. Libya Civil War Map & Timeline - November 2019 There are newer versions of this map available. Briefing Paper August 2019 Credits and . Multiple foreign armed groups involved in Libya conflict: UN. Commentary. August 3. The agreement, effective immediately, required that all foreign fighters leave Libya within three months while a joint police force would patrol disputed areas. April 05, 2019; Source: Getty. [230], On 16 September 2020, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlt avuolu told CNN Turk that Turkey and Russia have moved closer to an agreement on a ceasefire and political process in Libya during their latest meetings in Ankara. For the 8-month civil war in 2011, see, Background of discontent with General National Congress, Libya Revolutionaries Operations Room and kidnapping of Ali Zeidan, Expansion of armed groups during the GNC's term, GNC extends its mandate without elections, Foreign reactions, involvement, and evacuations, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (, military situation in the Libyan Civil War, Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya, Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant's (ISIL's) Libyan provinces, permanent ceasefire agreement in all areas of Libya, Learn how and when to remove this template message, French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle, American intervention in Libya (2015present), Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War, "Rival Libyan factions sign UN-backed peace deal", "Libya's rival factions sign UN peace deal, despite resistance", "2 Ranking Libyan Officials Side With Rogue General", "Libyan special forces commander says his forces join renegade general", "Warshefana take Camp 27 from Libya Shield", "Sudanese rebel group acknowledges fighting for Khalifa Haftar's forces in Libya", "Sudanese rebels are fighting alongside Dignity Operation in Libya's Derna", "Terror suspects killed in large LNA operation in south Libya", "Gaddafi loyalists join West in battle to push Islamic State from Libya", "After six years in jail, Gaddafi's son Saif plots return to Libya's turbulent politics", "Jordan arming Libya's Haftar with armored vehicles and weapons", "Wagner, shadowy Russian military group, 'fighting in Libya, "Russian Snipers, Missiles and Warplanes Try to Tilt Libyan War", "Number of Russian mercenaries fighting for Haftar in Libya rises to 1400, report says", "Macron slams Turkey's 'criminal' role in Libya, Putin's ambivalence", "Exclusive: Russian private security firm says it had armed men in east Libya", "UAE and Egypt behind bombing raids against Libyan militias, say US officials", "Is Egypt bombing the right militants in Libya? [116], In May 2016, GNA and GNC launched a joint offensive to capture areas in and around Sirte from ISIL. Armed militiamen stormed government ministries, shut down the GNC itself and demanded the law's passage. The armed group's move was a way to pressure and force the release of the detained family members. Khalifa Haftar and his supporters describe Operation Dignity as a "correction to the path of the revolution" and a "war on terrorism". [172], The pro-GNC forces were a coalition of different militias with different ideologies although most of them are Islamist influenced especially in eastern Libya in Benghazi and Derna. Report names five Sudanese and four Chadian armed groups it says contributed combatants to Libyas civil war. In the current conflict, the Warshefana have been strongly identified with the forces fighting against both Libya Dawn and Al Qaeda. Libya western and central Libya Shield force fought alongside Libya Dawn and were disbanded with it in 2015. In Benghazi, the Islamist armed groups have organized themselves into the Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries. (previously The Libyan Civil War: Critical Views) Warning. Haftar launched Operation Dignity three months later on 16 May. On 10 April 2020, the United Nations humanitarian coordinator for Libya, Yacoub El Hillo condemned the water supply cutoff as "particularly reprehensible". In 2012, the assassination of the US ambassador to Libya by, In October 2013, the kidnapping of Prime Minister. Wershefana tribal and mainly Gaddafi loyalists armed groups, from the area immediately south and west of Tripoli, have played a big[peacockterm] role in Haftar forces west of Libya[clarification needed][further explanation needed] On 5 August 2014, Warshefana forces captured Camp 27, a training base west of Tripoli. While Benghazi-based Mahmoud al-Werfalli was engaged in violations like killings and executions, Moussa Diab was involved in human trafficking and the kidnapping, raping and killing of migrants and refugees. On While keeping their enmity towards Haftar, the Amazigh militias mostly became neutral later in the war especially since the formation of GNA. [151][152] The term "Libya Shield 1" is used to refer to the Islamist part of the Libya Shield Force in the east of Libya.[181]. [171] Benghazi remained contested between pro-Haftar forces and radical Islamists. It is believed to have been carried out by the LROR,[144] although there is evidence to suggest that armed groups such as the Duru3 actually conducted the kidnapping. [176] The coalition was formed in 2014 as a reaction against General Khalifa Haftar failed coup and to defeat Zintan brigades controlling Tripoli International Airport whose aligned with him. Egypt[17][18][19] [128][129] Later in 2016, forces loyal to Khalifa al-Ghawil attempted a coup d'tat against Fayez al-Sarraj and the Presidential Council of GNA. In 2017 Haftar said that his forces are now larger by "hundred times" and now they are about 60 thousand soldiers. In 2019, Prince deployed foreign mercenaries to eastern Libya, who were armed with gunboats, attack aircraft, and cyberwarfare capabilities. Send by email. [131][132] The war concluded on 24 October 2020. [228][229], The United Nations Security Council received a confidential report in September 2020, which provided details of the extensive violations of the international arms embargo on Libya, since the beginning of 2020. The case caused widespread concern although they were eventually acquitted in March 2014. She was known for giving voice to female victims of violence through the videos she posted on social media. [150] The Libya Shield Force was already identified by some observers as linked to al-Qaeda as early as 2012. The ongoing war has turned the country into a huge haven for migrants fleeing violence and poverty in Africa and the Middle East. House of Representatives (Tobruk-based)[1][2], Wagner Group(since 2018)[12][13][14][15][16] It's not as bad as it could be, but is meant to be shocking. [216] It was postponed in early April 2019 as a result of the military actions of the 2019 Western Libya offensive. Taxation of human trafficking networks continues to be a source of funding for ISIL in Libya., INSIDE STORY: Whos fuelling the fighting in Libya? Head of UN-supported government proposes presidential and parliamentary elections to end Libyas long-running conflict. Ukrainian Il-76TD heavy transport jet destroyed in Libya, July 26 (Source: hyser.com.ua) Ukrainian Footprint in the Libyan Civil War: Reality or Disinformation? These are: The Shura Council of Benghazi has been strongly linked with ISIL as they fought together against Hafter in Battle of Benghazi. Last modified on Wed 22 May 2019 15.31 EDT . Subscribe Now! The reason the Russians were not mentioned in the document is that their activities have largely taken place since the cut-off date for compiling the report, he said. However, his actions had little effect on the GNC, which called his actions "an attempted coup" and called Haftar himself "ridiculous" and labelled him an aspiring dictator. Libya. He condemned the UN report for "advocating immorality and indecency in addition to rebelliousness against religion and clear objections to the laws contained in the Quran and Sunnah". The UN identified eight countries breaching embargo. The The LNA launched Operation End of Treachery July 1 after a GNA ground offensive pushed Haftars army back out of the city of Gharian, which had served as the July 11, 2019. Report names five Sudanese and four Chadian armed groups it says contributed combatants to Libyas civil war. However, they reported a new focus on Libya by ISIL, quoting a video in July by theirleader in Libya, Mahmud Massud al-Baraassi, also known as Abu Musab Allibi, in which he highlighted that Libya was now one of the main axes of future ISIL operations, which are designed to compensate for the loss of ground in Syria. But it did not mention the presence of Russianmercenaries who were recently identified in their hundreds in media reports as fighting in the conflict. Share on Facebook. [134], GNC opponents argue that it was supporting Islamist actions against women. [130], On 23 October 2020, the 5+5 Joint Libyan Military Commission representing the LNA and the GNA reached a "permanent ceasefire agreement in all areas of Libya". On 17 December, delegates from the two governments signed a peace deal backed by the UN in Skhirat, Morocco, although there was opposition to this within both factions. The GNC continued to operate as before. [175] Opponents of Haftar and the House of Representatives' government in Tripoli claim he is attempting a coup. [226] In June 2020, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi brokered an agreement with parties aligned to the Libyan National Army, calling it the Cairo Declaration - However, this was quickly rejected. Save to Pocket. Residents of the eastern city of Shahat, along with protesters from Bayda and Sousse, staged a large demonstration, rejecting the GNC's extension plan and demanding the resignation of the congress followed by a peaceful power transition to a legitimate body. The "Zintan Brigades" fall under the leadership of the Zintan Revolutionaries' Military Council. The offensive began on the same day that the General Secretary of the UN, Antnio Guterres, arrived in Tripoli to secure a national reconciliation conference, scheduled on 14 April. Research by Djordje Djukic. An unknown number of people were sentenced to death by Libyan civil and military courts since 2011, often after trials marred by due process violations. Some members of the GNC had a conflict of interest due to associations with militias and were accused of channeling government funds towards armed groups and allowing others to conduct assassinations and kidnappings. United Arab Emirates[17][20][21][22] After the GNC was forced to accept new elections, Ali Tekbali was elected to the new House of Representatives. Syrian Civil War Map: Get all visualized information on recent military gains and losses in Syria and Iraq. [211], During the first half of 2015, the United Nations facilitated a series of negotiations seeking to bring together the rival governments and warring militias of Libya. The agreement, effective immediately, required that all foreign fighters leave Libya within three months while a joint police force would patrol disputed areas. A Libyan flag is seen outside an oil refinery in Zawiya on Sept. 23, 2011. This offensive resulted in ISIL losing control of all significant territories previously held in Libya. [116][165], The conflict escalated on 13 July 2014, when Tripoli's Islamists and Misratan militias launched Operation Libya Dawn to seize Tripoli International Airport, capturing it from the Zintan militia on 23 August. Land mines remain a persistent threat in the country as numerous militias, especially ISIL, have made heavy use of land mines and other hidden explosives; the rapidly changing front lines has meant many of these devices remain in areas out of active combat zones; civilians remain the primary casualties inflicted by land mines with mines alone killing 145 people and wounding another 1,465 according to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). [217], In July 2019, Ghassan Salam, the head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL), proposed a three-point peace plan (a truce during Eid al-Adha, an international meeting of countries implicated in the conflict, and an internal Libyan conference similar to the Libyan National Conference). On 24 March shells hit a prison in an area held by the GNA, drawing UN condemnation. [202] The NOC and ENI, which runs Mellitah Oil & Gas in Libya, have suffered a production loss of 155,000 oil barrels per day due to the blockade on production facilities imposed by Haftar's LNA. How the 2019 Civil War is Transforming Libyas Military Landscape. [182][183] Even thought it pledged to support the GNA[183] and apparently working under Mahdi Al-Barghathi, the Defence Minister of the GNA. [173], Ajdabiya had its own Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries, which is the most ISIL linked among the three Shura councils. The UN report noted that military materials made by the United States, Russia and China appear to be in use in the conflict, but do not appear to have been supplied by any of those countries directly.